Dear Sir,
TDS needs to be 31.2% of the rent, unless the NRI landlord furnishes a certificate stating that his total income in India is estimated to fall below the tax exemption limit. There is no lower limit for TDS deduction. For example, even if the rent is₹5,000 per month, the tenant will have to deduct TDS.
Remember that it is the tenant’s duty to ascertain if the landlord is an NRI.
The tenant (You) first needs to obtain a tax deduction account number (TAN). This can be done online through the NSDL website. Once the TAN number is issued, the tenant can deduct tax every month and pay it online. For example, in case the rent is ₹5,000, the tenant will have to deduct ₹1,570 per month (31.2% of ₹5,000). The balance can be paid to the landlord.
TDS needs to be paid by the tenant by the seventh of each calendar month, following the month in which tax is deducted. For example, if you pay rent and deduct tax on 5 June, TDS must be deposited with the government by 7 July. It is important that you pay TDS that you have deducted from the rent, well in time. Failure to do so can attract prosecution under Section 276B of the Income-tax Act, 1961, leading to imprisonment of three months to seven years.
Remember that failing to deduct TDS from an NRI landlord can also attract a penalty equal to tax not deducted under Section 271C of the Act, but not prosecution.