Summary of my income tax

I have no idea till date about how income tax are calculated, and what to do to save them. I know its embarrassing. I have lost lot of money due to this. Can someone guide me on what my taxable income is, how much should I invest in tax saving instruments, what bills are needed to be produced for monthly reimbursements, etc etc. I would really appreciate it. Below are the income details. My CTC is 800000, I have opted for meal coupons and telephone reimbursement. I live in Delhi NCR area. Mandatory Component : Basic 3,24,000 HRA 1,62,000 Mediclaim Premium 11,661 Gratuity 15,577 Special Allowance 1,88,482 Medical Reimbursement 15,000 Optional Componen : Transport Allowance 19,200 P.F. 38,880 Leave Travel Assistance NA Meal Coupons 13,200 Telephone 12000 (1000 pm) Variable Pay 0.0 Total Final Breakup 8,00,000 Grand Total : 8,00,000 Tax Amount Metro 11,473 Tax Amount Non Metro 14,778